How to read your pet’s body language

As pet owners, we often wonder what our furry companions would say if they could talk. 

While we may never hear them speak, animals can communicate in powerful ways, especially through their body language. Noticing these subtle cues can give us valuable insight into their emotions, helping us answer one of the most important questions: Is my pet truly happy? 

Pets can't voice their emotions, so understanding their body language and behaviours is a step towards knowing your pet. 

How to tell your dog is happy

Dogs can be very expressive, but some of their behaviours and body language can be confusing. To know if your dog is happy, look for loose and relaxed behaviours and physical cues. According to the Ottawa Humane Society,  a happy, friendly dog will have a calm, loose body. They may even wiggle when very excited, and their tail will be wagging. Some dogs may even look like they are smiling at you, and their gaze will be soft.

The context surrounding your dog's behaviour and body language is key to discerning how they really feel, says Psychology Today. For example, when playing happily with other dogs, they may appear aggressive as they are play biting or pawing at another dog. They may even have an exaggerated retreat before resuming play. These signs, combined with a relaxed expression and wagging tail, indicate that your dog is simply enjoying playing. 

What are the signs of a happy cat?

Cats can be less expressive than dogs, but learning their communication styles and body language can help strengthen your bond. Happy and content cats will rub against you, blink slowly or knead their paws rhythmically on soft blankets, like a baker making bread. Kneading, or making biscuits, is a self-soothing ritual for cats. It helps them relax and creates a sense of peace. If a cat kneads you, it can be a sign of affection. 

Did you know that cats have scent glands between their toes? According to PetMD, making biscuits is also a way for cats to claim blankets, furniture and even their owner as their own by marking them with their scent.

When a cat is happy, they can be very cuddly. If your cat enjoys curling up with you on the couch, it is a good sign that they are content! Happy cats will also have their ears forward, and they may flop on their side, or belly up, though this does not always mean they are looking for belly rubs! 

How to tell if your dog is stressed

Just as when your dog is happy, context matters in understanding stress signals. When around people or other dogs, keep an eye out for how your dog is reacting to those around it. If they are yawning, with their tail tucked, or licking at their snout, they are probably feeling stressed, says the Ontario SPCA. These behaviours act as a warning sign to other pets and people that your dog does not wish to play or be approached, especially when combined.

When dogs are stressed, they may vocalize their feelings, with their head down and ears pinned back close to their heads. A stressed pup will also attempt to hide or pull away from an interaction that makes them uncomfortable. 

However, some signs of stress may be more subtle. Dogs' eyes convey a lot of messages, especially when they are scared or stressed. Your dog may give you the whale eye, meaning they are stressed or nervous. Whale eye is an expression where more of the whites of your dog's eye can be seen than the pupil. It's like your dog is giving you a side-eye, keeping its head turned away but with a vigilant eye on you. 

If you notice your dog giving off stress signals, the best thing you can do is give them space and remove the stressor. Often, it may just mean that your dog is not up to playing or would like some space to relax. 

With time and training, you will be able to understand your dog's body language. Paying attention to how your pet acts in certain situations and environments can help you better meet their needs. 

Signs your cat is stressed

A cat that is stressed or frightened may have its ears low and turned sideways. Their body will be hunched and low, as if they are crouching, with their tail lowered or curled tightly away from them, according to the Ontario SPCA.

A stressed or defensive cat may exhibit a rigid body posture with its tail flicking rapidly back and forth. Kneading or making biscuits can also be a sign of stress, as it helps cats calm down and feel more relaxed. Understanding how your cat's body language and behaviours come together will paint a better picture of their emotional state. 

How can I keep my furry companion safe?

Keeping your pet happy and healthy can be expensive. Luckily, pet insurance can help cover the cost of unexpected vet bills. Did you know CAA Members save 13.5% on pet insurance plans*? Call 1-833-323-2456 or get a quote online to get started.

* Members receive a discount of 13.5% off. Non-members receive a discount of 9% off.

All pet insurance plans have limitations and exclusions. Specific products, features, rates, and discounts may vary by province and territory, eligibility, and are subject to change. Medical Conditions that are noted, symptomatic or diagnosed prior to enrollment, or during a waiting period are pre-existing to Coverage and not eligible for reimbursement. Waiting periods, annual deductible, co-insurance, benefit limits and exclusions may apply. This advertisement is an outline only; policy terms and conditions 'User Guide' will prevail. For all terms and conditions visit: https://www.petsplusus.com/service-claims/brochures-guides

Pets Plus Us Pet Insurance policies are underwritten by Northbridge Insurance, distributed by PTZ Insurance Services Ltd. & Société d'Assurances Collectives (Sodaco) Inc. in Quebec. Sodaco is registered with Autorité des marches financiers as a Damage insurance broker firm, in the following disciplines: Insurance Damage (Broker) and Personal Insurance (Reg#603622) https://lautorite.qc.ca/en/general-public/registers/register-of-firms-and-individuals-authorized-to-practice Pets Plus Us Pet Insurance is available in all provinces and territories. Pets Plus Us®, Pets Plus Us & Design and related words and logos are trademarks and the property of PTZ Insurance Services Ltd.

® CAA trademarks are owned by, and use is authorized by, the Canadian Automobile Association.