What a new puppy really costs in the first year

Adopting a puppy is incredibly rewarding. Whether you’ve owned many dogs before or this is your first, a dog makes a wonderful addition to your family.

While you are picking out names, researching breeds and getting ready for the newest addition to your home, you know that adopting a furry companion can be expensive. For most families, the highest costs come during a dog’s first year, when start‑up expenses and veterinary care add up quickly. Owning a dog is a big responsibility, one that takes a lot of time and resources.

Being ready and able to care for your pup is key, and the cost goes well beyond the adoption fee. In fact, the Ontario Veterinary Medical Association’s annual survey on the cost of owning a puppy found that in 2025, first-year costs average about $5,595.

As you budget for your newest four-legged family member, here are some costs to keep in mind.

Stock up on the essentials

Start with a new collar and leash that fit your dog properly. You want enough space between the dog’s neck and collar to fit two fingers. While picking out the collar, have an ID tag made with the dog’s name and your contact information in case your pup gets lost.

Dogs also need to be registered in most municipalities. For example, in Ottawa, dogs must be registered with the city each year. Registration fees start at $22 and can be paid online. Fees and requirements vary by area, so check with your municipality.

Next come the toys. Plush toys are great at providing comfort while your puppy adjusts to their new environment, and play is an important part of enrichment that helps you bond with your dog. Have a few toys on hand for fetch and games, and some squeaky and chew toys to help your pup work through the teething stage. 

When it comes to puppy food, a veterinarian can recommend options that are nutritionally balanced to support healthy growth. Choose metal or ceramic dog bowls, as a puppy may chew through plastic ones.

Don’t forget to pick up grooming supplies and dog shampoo. There are many brush options to suit a variety of budgets. Whether you opt for a brush or a grooming mitt, these supplies help reduce shedding and keep your pet comfortable and mat-free. 

Part of preparing to welcome home a new dog is ensuring it has a comfortable and safe space to settle as it adjusts to life with your family. A bed and crate do just that. When shopping for a bed or crate, remember to give your puppy some space to grow, or that you may have to buy a bigger option in the future.

In total, Pets Plus Us estimates you’ll spend over $1,000 on essentials during your puppy’s first year.

Training time

Puppy training can help you bond with your furry family member and promote a healthy and happy lifestyle for your new dog. Training is a good enrichment for dogs and helps boost their intelligence. It can also simplify everyday errands and help socialize puppies.

The cost of training can vary depending on the type of training you’re seeking. For more affordable options, many pet stores and community centres offer group training classes. Group training is great for socializing your puppy and for working on simple obedience commands.

Private training lessons are also available for those seeking more personalized training, though they tend to cost more. Individual sessions work well for targeting specific skills or improving puppy behaviours, such as leash pulling or anxiety. The OVMA says obedience classes can cost around $555.

Training teaches you and your dog and can strengthen your bond. Do your research to find the training options that best fit your dog and family. There are also online resources, or your vet may have recommendations for nearby pet schools.

Routine vet visits

When you’re thinking about the cost of a dog’s first year, be sure to budget for routine veterinary care. From vaccines to flea and tick prevention, puppy vet appointments are key in keeping your pup healthy and happy, but can put a strain on your wallet.

According to the Ontario SPCA and Humane Society, dogs are typically vaccinated against rabies, canine parvovirus, hepatitis and distemper. Other vaccinations may be recommended based on your dog’s risk. Puppy shots range in cost from $75 to $200 per vet visit, spanning multiple appointments. In total, the OVMA’s 2025 cost of care survey found that first-year veterinary costs exceed $2,200.

One of the most expensive procedures for a puppy is spaying or neutering, which the OVMA found to cost between $1,016 and $1,118. Some municipalities have programs to help you save on spay-and-neuter costs. If you are adopting your puppy through a shelter or rescue organization, they may also offer programs to help with the costs. Some pet insurance plans can help ease the stress of high vet bills by offering coverage for certain procedures as part of a wellness plan.

Expect the unexpected

Even the best-behaved pups may eat something they are not supposed to or get into a scuffle at the dog park. Things like swallowed foreign objects, injuries and digestive issues can add up when the vet bill comes in. Plus, just like humans, dogs may develop allergies or catch a virus. 

These unplanned expenses are not cheap. When shopping around for a pet insurance policy, look for a plan that can help with unexpected costs and fits your household budget. Make sure you understand exactly what your plan covers.

As a CAA Member, you can save 13.5 per cent on pet insurance plans with Pets Plus Us*, which can help offset some surprise veterinary expenses.

* Members receive a discount of 13.5% off. Non-members receive a discount of 9% off.
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